WHAT ARE THE DIFFERENT BETWEEN SOIL COMPACTION,CONSOLIDATION AND STABILIZATION

All the above process are carried out for one purpose to increased a strength of soil.But the application of the process are depending on the type of soil.Soil are divided in 2 category such as cohensive soil and non cohensive soil.The cohesive soil are silt and clay ,the nono cohesive soil are sand and gravel.

WHAT ARE THE DIFFERENT?

COMPACTION

• air expulsion only
• immediate process
• artificial process
• man made deposit
• coarse grained and fine grained material
• static loading and dynamic loading
• increased shear strength,bearing,stiffness,dry weight and decreased void ratio
• mechanical roller,rammer,pneumatic roller and watering
• test sand cone,proctor test and CBR test

CONSOLIDATION

• water expulsion
• slow process
• natural process
• fine grained material such as soft clay,marine clay,peat
• natural deposit
• static loading
• primary and secondary settlement
• the best method are installing a vertical drain or wick drain
• to fasten settlement
• increased soil density and unit weight
• decreased water void

STABILIZATION

• upgrade bearing capacity and tensile strength and shear strength
• physical,chemical and polymer type
• mixing,grouting and electrical method
• peat soil mixed with cement and lime
• physical and chemical method can pollute environment
• mechanical method like geo grid or geo cell are introduced
• sustainable material such as fly ash,rice husk ash,red mud textile 

Compaction is the best method for coarse grained soil where as consolidation and stabilization are the best method for fine-grained soil.

WHAT IS CBR VALUE?

• CBR=California Bearing Ratio
• a penetration test vs loading applied
• as indicator of strength of sub grade and sub base to road and pavement
• higher value CBR indicate higher strength of bearing capacity
• clay-2%CBR,sand-15% CBR and gravel-40 to 80 % CBR
• these information is used to design thickness of wearing course and binder course